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Russia

Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin’s rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics.

Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN’s term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under the leadership of President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country’s geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.

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Russia Tourism Information…

Title
Russian National Tourist Office
Title
Travel All Russia
Title
Russia .Travel
Welcome to Russia

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The Best of Russia…

 Here is a list of some of the most interesting and visited places. Cities or areas listed will always have more than just one thing see and do. With the popular cities or areas we list some of the best known, which should go on everyone’s, must see list when they visit.  
The Golden Ring
Kaliningrad Curonian Split
Kronstadt  Saint Nicolas Cathedral
Kazan
Karelia  Kizi Island
Moscow The Kremlin
Pushkin Museum
Red Square
St. Basil’s Cathedral
Mt. Elbrus & The Caucasus
Nizhny Novgorod
Grand Palace-Peterhof
Sochi
St. Petersburg The Hermitage & Winter Palace
Catherine Palace
Peter Paul Fortress
Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood
Suzdal
Volgograd  The Motherland Calls’ Sculpture
Battlefields of Volgograd
Yekaterinburg

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Russia Country Information…

Capital:

Moscow

Largest City:

Moscow

Government:

Federal Semi-presidential Constitutional Republic

Currency:

Russian Ruble (Pуб.)

Area:

Total: 17,098,242 km2 water: 720,500 km2 land: 16,377,742 km2 ranked 1st

Climate:

Ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast

Population:

142,355,415 (July 2016 est.) ranked 10th

Language:

Russian (official) 85.7%, Tatar 3.2%, Chechen 1%, other 10.1% note: data represent native language spoken (2010 est.)

Ethnic Groups:

Russian 77.7%, Tatar 3.7%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Bashkir 1.1%, Chuvash 1%, Chechen 1%, other 10.2%, unspecified 3.9%

Religion:

Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est.) note: estimates are of practicing worshipers; Russia has large populations of non-practicing believers and non-believers, a legacy of over seven decades of Soviet rule; Russia officially recognizes Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism as traditional religions

Electricity:

230V, 50Hz (European plug C, F )

Telephone Code:

+7

Local Emergency Phone Number:

112

Internet TLD:

.ru

Time Zone:

MSKS (UTC+3) European Region only

Road Driving Side:

Right

Anthem:

“Государственный гимн Российской Федерации” “Gosudarstvenny gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii”  (transliteration) “State Anthem of the Russian Federation”

President:

Vladimir Putin

Prime Minister:

Dmitry Medvedev

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Holidays and Observances in Russia in 2020

Date NameType
Jan 1WednesdayNew Year’s DayNational holiday
Jan 2ThursdayNew Year Holiday WeekNational holiday
Jan 3FridayNew Year Holiday WeekNational holiday
Jan 6MondayNew Year Holiday WeekNational holiday
Jan 7TuesdayOrthodox Christmas DayNational holiday, Orthodox
Jan 8WednesdayNew Year Holiday WeekNational holiday
Jan 14TuesdayOld New YearObservance
Feb 14FridayValentine’s DayObservance
Feb 23SundayDefender of the Fatherland DayNational holiday
Feb 24MondayDefender of the Fatherland Day observedNational holiday
Feb 27ThursdaySpecial Operations Forces DayObservance
Mar 8SundayInternational Women’s DayNational holiday
Mar 9MondayInternational Women’s Day observedNational holiday
Mar 20FridayMarch EquinoxSeason
Mar 22SundayIsra and Mi’rajMuslim
Apr 19SundayOrthodox Easter DayObservance, Orthodox
Apr 24FridayRamadan startsMuslim
May 1FridaySpring and Labor DayNational holiday
May 9SaturdayVictory DayNational holiday
May 11MondayVictory Day observedNational holiday
May 19TuesdayLailat al-QadrMuslim
May 24SundayEid al-FitrMuslim
Jun 12FridayRussia DayNational holiday
Jun 21SundayJune SolsticeSeason
Jul 31FridayEid al-AdhaMuslim
Aug 20ThursdayMuharramMuslim
Sep 1TuesdayDay of KnowledgeObservance
Sep 22TuesdaySeptember EquinoxSeason
Oct 29ThursdayThe Prophet’s BirthdayMuslim
Nov 4WednesdayUnity DayNational holiday
Dec 21MondayDecember SolsticeSeason